n 1882 a Kentucky farmer named Nathan Stubblefield made his first known radio transmission, using a special earth cell, a microphone, and a loop antenna. He patented his Earth Battery in 1898 Patent No. 600457.
The Cell consists of : Two wooden spacers that are 3/4" thick, and about 4 inches in diameter. A 1 foot long 1/2" thick bolt. A set of 1/2" nuts and washers. And a 9 1/2 inch PVC pipe with a 1/2 inch ID (Inner Diameter). The wires are both 12 gauge (12 AWG) and are solid. This makes them a bit harder to get wrapped around, but when they are on, the memory of the wire holds it in place better than braided wire. The coil lengths are 590 feet for the copper wire, and the steel wire is 250 feet per coil. The steel wire contains carbon (Not Stainless), and is bare. While the copper wire is insulated and a bit thicker than the bare iron wire.
Stubblefield Website
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